THE IMPACT OF ONLINE BOOKING SYSTEMS ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN ROMANIA

Daniela Tatiana AGHEORGHIESEI (CORODEANU), Elizabeth INESON

Abstract


The evolution of the Internet as a distribution channel is apparent in Romania as the number of Internet users and card holders increases. This paper discusses the results of questionnaire and interview based research on the perceptions of 65 managers’ of "brick and mortar" as opposed to virtual travel agencies’ of the so-called phenomenon of"disintermediation" and its expansion or, in other words, the competitive impact of online bookings on customer loyalty and business and communication strategies used to protect themselves from its consequences. In spite of the increase by 10% of the use of Internet each year, more than half of the respondents are convinced that they can adapt their services, products and operations to retain their loyal customers.

Keywords


Disintermediation; Romania; Travel agents; Strategies for customer loyalty; Online booking

References


Baglieri, D., Consoli, R. (2009) Collaborative innovation in tourism: managing virtual communities, The TQM Journal, 21 (4), pp.353-364.

Buhalis, D. (2003) eTourism: information technology for strategic tourism management, Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.

Card, J.A., Chen, C.Y., Cole, S.T. (2003) Online Travel Products Shopping: Differences between Shoppers and Nonshoppers, Journal of Travel Research, 42(133), pp.133-139.

Carroll, B., Siguaw, J. (2003) The Evolution of Electronic Distribution: Effects on Hotels and Intermediaries, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 44(38), pp.38-50.

Chih-Chien, C., Schwartz, Z. (2006) The Importance of Information Asymmetry in Customers‘ Booking Decisions: A Cautionary Tale from the Internet, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 47(3), pp.272-285.

Chih-Chien, C., Schwartz, Z. (2008) Timing Matters: Travelers' Advanced-Booking Expectations and Decisions, Journal of Travel Research, 47(35), pp.35-42.

Chircu, A.M., Kauffman, R.J. (2001) A Framework for Performance and Value Assessment of E-Business System in H. Werthner, M. Bichler (eds.), Lectures in e-commerce (pp.47-76),New York: Springer Wien.

Conrady, R., Buck, M. (eds.) (2010) Trends and Issues in Global Tourism, Berlin: Springer, ITB Library.

Coulter, A. (2004) Booking with an agent is "uncool", Travel Trade Gazette, www.ttglive.com, [Accessed the 29th of April, 2010, 21:50].

Dall‟Olmo Riley, F., Scarpi, D., Manaresi, A. (2009) Purchasing services online: a two-country generalization of possible influences, Journal of Services Marketing, 23(2), pp.93-103.

Dobre, M. (2010) România ocupă locul 4 în lume după viteza de conectare la Internet, Financiarul. http://www.financiarul.com/articol_43760/romania-ocupa-locul-4-in-lume-dupa-viteza-de-conectare-la-Internet.html, [Accessed the 30th of April 2010, 13:55].

Doganis, R. (2006) The airline business. New York: Routledge.

Dolnicar, S., Laesser, C. (2007) Travel Agency Marketing Strategy: Insights from Switzerland, Journal of Travel Research, 46(133), pp.133-146.

Drucker, P.F. (2007) Innovation and entrepreneurship: practice and principles. Amsterdam: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Dyché, J. (2002) The CRM handbook: a business guide to customer relationship management. Boston: Addison Wesley.

Endacott, S. (2005) Focus on branding to win online sales, Travel Trade Gazette, www.ttglive.com, [Accessed the 6th of March 2010, 20:50].

Freyer, W., Molina, M. (2008) Innovations in Destination Distribution Management in: R. Conrady and M. Buck (eds.) Trends and issues in global tourism 2008 (pp.165-178), Berlin: Springer.

Gianforte, G. (2003) The world at our fingertips — How online travel companies can turn clicks into bookings, Journal of Vacation Marketing, 10(1), pp.79–86.

Gibson, P. (2006) Cruise operations management. Oxford: Butterworth- Heinemann.

Hanefors, M., Mossberg, L.L. (1999) Package Tourism and Customer Loyalties in: A. Pizam and Y. Mansfeld (eds.) Consumer behavior in travel and tourism (pp.185-204), New York: The Howarth Hospitality Press.

Hagel, J., Armstrong, A. (1997) Net gain: expanding markets through virtual communities, Boston: HBS Press.

Heung, V.C.S. (2003) Internet usage by international travellers: reasons and barriers, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 15(7), pp.370-378.

Hofstede, G. (2001) Culture's Consequences, Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations, Thousand Oaks CA: Sage Publications.

Huxley, L. (2002) Agents must focus on customer loyalty, Travel trade Gazette, 22 April, EBSCO Publishing.

Ivanko, A. (2005) Luxury Travel Expo Update. The Agent Advantage, Travel Agent, November 7, 2005, [Accessed the 29th of March 2010, 6:51].

Karake-Shalhoub, Z. (2002) Trust and loyalty in electronic commerce: an agency theory perspective. Westport: Greenwood Publishing Ggroup.

Lang, T.C. (2000) The effect of the internet on travel consumer purchasing behaviour and implications for travel agencies, Journal of vacation marketing, 6(4), pp.368-385.

Law, R. & Wong, J. (2003) Successful Factors for a Travel Web Site: Perceptions of Online Purchasers in Hong Kong, Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 27(118), pp.118-124.

Law, R., Leung, K., Wong, J. (2004) The impact of the Internet on travel agencies, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 16(2), pp.100-107.

Law, R. (2009) Research in brief. Disintermediation of hotel reservations. The perception of different groups of online buyers in Hong Kong, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 21(6), pp.766-772.

Marcussen, C.H. (2009) Trends in European Internet Distribution - of Travel and Tourism Services, Centre for Regional and Tourism Research, Denmark, http://www.crt.dk/UK/staff/chm/trends.htm, [Accessed the 3th of June 2010, 14:00].

Mateescu, D. (2009) Evoluţie pozitivă pentru piaţa cardurilor bancare, în 2009. http://www.bursa.ro/online/s=print&sr=articol&id_articol=79340.html, [Accessed the 24th of March 2010, 18:30].

Matzler, K., Waiguny, M. (2005) Consequences of consumer confusion in online booking in: A. Frew (ed.) Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism, pp.306-317, New York: Springer Wien.

Mihuț, I., Lungescu, D. (2006) Dimensiuni culturale în managementul românesc, http://www.managementmarketing.ro/pdf/articole/art1.pdf, [Accessed the 28th of May 2010, 12:30].

Neacșu, C. (2009a) Vânzările online în turism au crescut cu 270% in primul trimestru, Financiarul. http://www.financiarul.com/articol_44236/vanzarile-online-in-turism-au-crescut-cu-270-in-primul-trimestru.html, [Accessed the 6th of May 2010, 13:00].

Neacșu, C. (2009b) Creștere de două cifre pentru vânzările online în turism în 2009, Financiarul, http://www.financiarul.com/articol_19887/crestere-de-doua-cifre-pentru-vanzarile-online-in-turism-in-2009.html, [Accessed the 15th of January 2010, 18:30].

Nusair, K., Kandampully, J. (2008) The antecedents of customer satisfaction with online travel services: a conceptual model, European Business Review, 20(1), pp.4-19.

Payne, A. (2006) Handbook of CRM: achieving excellence in customer management. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.

Pearce, D.G., Schott, C. (2005) Tourism Distribution Channels: The Visitors‟ Perspective. Journal of Travel Research, 44(50): 50-63.

Peel, J. (2002). CRM: redefining customer relationship management. Woburn: Digital Press.

Perkins, E. (2006) Sometimes using a travel agent beats online booking, http://www.smartertravel.com/travel-advice/sometimes-using-a-travel-agent-beats-online-booking. html?id=1294130, [accessed the 4th of april 2010, 6:30].

Pop-Coman, V. (2009) Românii renunţă la tot mai multe carduri bancare, Săptămâna financiară online, http://www.sfin.ro/articol_16376/romanii_renunta_la_tot_mai_multe_carduri_bancare.html, [Accessed the 6th of May 2010, 13:00].

Reynolds, J. (2004) The complete e-commerce book: design, build & maintain a successful Web-based Business, (2nd Edition), San Francisco: CMP Books.

Sigala, M. (2007) Investigating the Internet‘s impact on interfirm relations. Evidence from the business travel management distribution chain, Journal of Enterprise Information Management. 20(3), pp.335-355.

Standing, C. Vasudavan, T. (1999) Internet marketing strategies used by travel agencies in Australia, Journal of Vacation Marketing, 6(21), pp.21-32.

Xiang, Z., Wöber, K., Fesenmaier, D.R. (2008) Representation of the Online Tourism Domain in Search Engines, Journal of Travel Research, 47(2), pp.137-150.

*** (2009) Consumul de servicii turistice în România. Raport de cercetare, val.III, INSOMAR, noiembrie 2009, www.turism.gov.ro/ro/download/412, [Accessed the 29th of March 2010, 14:00].

*** (2010) First estimates for the first quarter of 2010. Euro area and EU27 GDP up by 0.2% +0.6% and +0.5% respectively compared with the first quarter of 2009, Eurostat Newsrealease Euroindicators, http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/cache/ITY_PUBLIC/2-04062010-AP/EN/2-04062010-AP-EN.PDF, [Accessed the 11th of June 2010, 20:50].

(2009) Internet user statistics & population for the 27 European Union member states, Internet world stats, internet usage in European Union, http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats9.htm, [accessed the 27th of March 2010, 16.43].

*** Email-ul şi chat-ul, utilizate de 9 din 10 dintre tinerii cu vârste între 18-24 ani din mediul urban, studiu Catibus, Mercury Research, http://www.mercury.ro/pdf/Top_Internet_Activities,_April_2009_ Romanian_Version.pdf, [Accessed the 21st of March 2010, 11:50].


Full Text: PDF



Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.